A Lovely Chart for Who is at Risk for Hyponatremia:

16 Jan 2012

A Lovely Chart for Who is at Risk for Hyponatremia:

Hello, my friends and followers….

I know it has been several days since I’ve last posted, but it’s not because I’m losing interest, I swear. Please be patient with me. I am truly inflicted with EPM, and one of my biggest issues is with concentration and memory (which is EXTREMELY frustrating for a person who used to be able to open a 1400 page textbook and find a sentence in a matter of minutes).

Now, I read through a few research articles and I literally can’t remember what exactly it is that I read or where I read it 😦 However, in my ambition, I still believe I can read through 8 to 10 articles in a night and be able to keep it all straight, but I CAN’T.

I can’t remember what it is I read, and if I do remember something I read, I can’t find the article it was in, so I’m having to experiment with methods to keep everything organized.

It’s not working very well. I never had to do it before, so I’m finding that my ability to do it SUCKS or maybe it’s not so much ability as the disability of having EPM.

SO, here’s the thing. I have found tons of new information (or at least I think it’s new..can’t quite remember if I’ve added these things or not, and I tried to go back through previous posts, but can’t keep those straight either 😦 ) . Ok, so I hope it’s new, but if it’s not..PLEASE let me know!

Anyway, I have a lot of information that I want to add to these posts and updates. I will try to add information to older posts where I believe it fits, but I also don’t those who have read the previous posts to have to keep going back to find out about the new information, so I’m going to have to think about a way to keep updates easy to find. Maybe have an updates category/ post section.

Well, for now, here is a really helpful table that shows several categories for those who are at risk for developing hyponatremia. It’s something I just found, and I was surprised that it contained some additional at risk groups that I didn’t mention (didn’t think that was possible).

Normally, I would love to post a link to this, but I can’t. It’s a PDF, and I’m just not that PC savy, so if you would like to find out more, please research the article below:

Diagnosis and management of hyponatraemia
in hospitalised patients
P. Reddy, A. D. Mooradian

This was found in the International Journal of Clinical Practice, October 2009, 63, 10, 1494–1508

(Okay, I lied: here is the link to the free article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02103.x/abstract )

The information taken directly from the link above:

Table 4. Drug-induced hyponatraemia
SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA, tricyclic antidepressant; MAOI, monoaminooxidase inhibitor; MDMA, methylenedioxymethamphetamine; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme.
Anti-psychotics Phenothiazines Haloperidol	Anti-depressantsSSRI’s TCA’s MAOI’s Bupropion	Anti-convulsants Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Sodium valproate	Analgesics & Recreational drugs Morphine (high doses), Tramadol, MDMA (Ecstasy), NSAID’s, Colchicine, Venlafaxine, Cymbalta (duloxetine)
Cardiac drugs Thiazides, clonidine, ACE inhibitors, Aldosterone antagonists, Amiloride, Loop diuretics, Methyldopa, Amlodipine, Amiodarone, lorcainide, Propafenone, Theophylline, Terlipressin, Unfractionated heparin (aldosterone antagonist)	Anti-diabeticsChlorpropamide, Tolbutamide, Glipizide Lipid lowering agentsClofibrate	Anti-neoplastic agentsCyclophosphamide Vincristine Vinblastine Cisplatin, Hydroxyurea, Melphalan Immunosuppressive drugs Tacrolimus, Methotrexate, interferon α and γ, levamisole, Monoclonal antibodies	Antibiotics Azithromycin Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone/sulbactam, rifabutinGastrointestinal drugsSomatostatin analogs, Omeprazole OthersBromocriptine

Table 5. Non-drug induced causes of the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)
Non-osmotic stimuli	CNS lesions	Malignancies	Increased intrathoracic pressure
CVA, cerebrovascular accident; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; TB, tuberculosis; CHF, congestive heart failure.
Nausea	Tumours (neuroblastoma)	Lymphoma, leukaemia, and Hodgkin disease	Mediastinal tumours (thymoma, sarcoma)
Pain	CVA	Carcinoma of the uterus	positive pressure ventilation
Stress	Meningitis	Ureteral, prostate, bladder carcinoma	Infections (pneumonia, TB, aspergillosis, lung abscess)
HIV	Encephalitis	Carcinoma of duodenum and pancreas	Bronchogenic carcinoma, mesothelioma
Acute psychosis	Abscess	Ectopic production of vasopressin by tumours (small cell lung ca, carcinoids	Bronchiectasis
Surgery	Guillain–Barré syndrome	Cancers of the head and neck and nasopharynx	Empyema
Pregnancy (physiological)	Hydrocephalus	Renal cell carcinoma	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Hypokalaemia	Pituitary stalk lesion	Osteosarcoma	Pneumothorax
CHF exacerbation	Delirium tremens
	Demyelinating disease
	Acute porphyria

I really found this article to be extremely detailed and informative regarding hyponatremia!! I really recommend it. However, it should be digested in small quantities because there is a LOT of medical lingo, etc. I consider it one of the top research articles for hyponatremia. I give it 5 stars 🙂

Anyway, please bear with me. There will be tons more to come. It will just take some time.

Posted in What is Hyponatremia? and tagged Analgesics & Recreational drugs, Anti-convulsants, Anti-depressants, Anti-diabetics, Anti-psychotics, Antibiotic, Cardiac drugs, CPM/EPM, epm, Gastrointestinal drugs, Hyponatremia, Immunosuppressive drugs, SIADH

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